The solar system is filled with anomalies and oddities. The more we discover other planetary systems, the more apparent this becomes. A new study (which has yet to undergo peer review) claims that a celestial object approximately 50 times heavier than Jupiter passed through our world in the distant past. Conspiracy theorists have dubbed it the Sculptor of Reality – akin to a sinister character from a video game. Whether this intervention was accidental or intentional remains a question.
Ancient astronomers sought patterns that govern the structure of our solar system. Interestingly, they found some.
For instance, the famous Johannes Kepler established that the regular polyhedra (the Platonic solids) fit quite accurately within the orbits of the planets known at the time. Kepler presented this discovery in his work "The Cosmographic Mystery," and he took greater pride in it than in the laws that bear his name, which are still taught in schools today.
Later, Johann Titius and Johann Bode (all three are named Johann, by the way) discovered that the orbits could be described very precisely by a simple formula involving subtraction, division, and prime numbers. These and other observations remained unexplained.
However, in the 20th century, the prevailing opinion was that these were mere coincidences, and that the orbits of the planets formed randomly. For example, astrophysicist Stephen Weinberg, a recipient of numerous awards including the Nobel Prize, stated in 2015: "Astronomers of the past searched for laws governing the arrangement of the planets in the solar system. But today we know that they are positioned that way due to historical accidents."
By 2015, astronomers had gathered enough information about other planetary systems around other stars, providing a point of comparison for our own system. It then became evident that our solar family of planets is unique. The elderly (at that time over 80 years old) researcher simply overlooked this fact.
So, what are these peculiarities?
First and foremost are the so-called super-Earths. Today, we know that this is the most common type of planet in the Galaxy. These planets are heavier than Earth but lighter than Neptune. However, there is NOT A SINGLE such planet in our solar system.
Imagine: in a certain city, every house has gas stoves. But there is one single house that has no gas stove at all. It is reasonable to assume that this house is somehow special. For instance, it wasn't connected to the gas lines while all others were. Or the residents of that house declared that gas stoves are out of fashion and dangerous, and refused them. In any case, there must be a reason.
But these anomalies do not end here. Let’s list them:
- The Moon is too large to be our satellite. It is more like a separate planet;
- The Moon is positioned at such a distance from Earth that it precisely covers the visible disk of the Sun during eclipses;
- Its orbit is inclined in such a way that eclipses are possible – and that too is a "coincidence," it could have been otherwise;
- The period of the Moon's orbit around Earth is close to the period of the Sun's rotation on its axis;
- The solar activity cycle (11.5 years) is close to the period of Jupiter's orbit around the Sun;
- The rotation period of Mercury on its axis is two-thirds of its orbital period around the Sun;
- Instead of a planet between Mars and Jupiter, we see an asteroid belt, a collection of numerous fragments;
- Uranus and Neptune behave as if they were once closer to the Sun than even Jupiter;
- Beyond Neptune (and Pluto) lies a mass of massive bodies, barely illuminated by the Sun. Such an abundance of "icy debris" seems strange.
And this is far from everything!
Some phenomena can be explained by tidal forces and gravitational resonances. Others can even be understood through the theory of relativity. For instance, the peculiarities of Mercury's orbit seemed puzzling to physicists of the 19th century. However, the theory of relativity easily clarified them, becoming one of its first confirmations.
But here’s the thing.
Take the Moon. At one time, an object the size of Mars struck Earth. So the story goes. A chunk broke off from Earth, and that is the Moon. Venus was not hit, and it has no moons at all. Mars was not hit either, and had to capture two tiny moons from the asteroid belt. Coincidence.
Once, the Moon was closer to Earth, appearing larger in the sky, and eclipses occurred more frequently, though they were not as beautiful. The Moon simply blocked the Sun like a lid for many hours. And just when a conscious observer, a human, appeared, the Moon moved away so that its apparent size matched that of the Sun. Coincidence.
The gravitational resonance created by Jupiter prevented the formation of a large planet where it should have been. As a result, instead of a planet, we have an asteroid belt. Coincidence.
Jupiter is the largest planet in our system, but it is unlikely that it causes the cycles of activity on the Sun. Therefore, the coincidence of the activity cycle and its orbital period is also a coincidence.
So there you have it: coincidence upon coincidence. Each phenomenon is explainable (or "explainable" by coincidences) individually. But when you look at them together, it presents an anomalous planetary system. And in it, we seem to be the only intelligent beings for thousands of light years. Also a coincidence.
In recent years, astronomers have leaned towards the idea that something shaped our system. For instance, the passage of a large body.
Several articles have been dedicated to the passage of a certain star almost through the Solar System. There are even candidates for such an event: stars with strong proper motion that continue to fly away from us. However, the stellar hypothesis does not explain all the peculiarities.
Now a new theory has emerged, and it is even more mysterious. Mathematical modeling has shown that many of the oddities could be explained in this way. Once, an object approximately 50 times heavier than Jupiter passed directly through the Solar System. "Directly through" means somewhere around Uranus. Its gravitational influence is about enough to account for many of the "peculiarities" we have listed.
But there are two problems.
"Many" – but not all. The new hypothesis explains the characteristics of the giant planets' orbits and possibly the creation of the asteroid belt. Indirectly, it might also involve the Earth-Moon system. When the unknown guest stirred everything up, many objects were knocked out of their orbits, and that was when the impact on Earth occurred, creating the Moon. Nevertheless, this is already a stretch.
The second problem is: what was this unknown guest? A rogue planet? We now know that such planets do exist. A super-Jupiter, which is essentially almost a star (even Jupiter generates a bit of energy because some nuclear reactions occur within it). Perhaps. A mini-black hole? We haven't seen any yet, but they seem to exist. Perhaps. And so on.
The article has already sparked a heated response in scientific circles. The unknown body has been dubbed the Sculptor of Reality, and it has been claimed that it did not come by chance. Someone had a design for us. However, whereas before the creation of humans seemed primitive – aliens descended in a spaceship, inserted something into an ape, and it began to speak – now the mystery is viewed with more nuance.
A certain super-civilization meticulously created conditions – over billions of years before humans – at the level of the entire planetary system that allowed for human emergence. They played the long game. Most importantly, they had such a profound understanding of the laws of nature that they could account for all the nuances.
Just as a chemist confidently adds the right amount of reagent to a flask, knowing that through a long chain of reactions, they will achieve the desired outcome.
Should we believe such an interpretation? At this point, it’s hard to know what to believe. Astronomy has been showering us with discoveries in recent years, each one more unusual than the last. The reason for this abundance is the more powerful telescopes, both ground-based and space-based, as well as AI and other computational techniques that allow for quick and accurate calculations. Today we may believe this, but tomorrow something even stranger may be discovered.
On the other hand, physics has yet to resolve what to do with the "plan of reality" – what is simply referred to as "information." Not long ago, if you mentioned